Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine

Original Articles

Cytological Features That Differentiate Follicular Neoplasm from Mimicking Lesions: Kanghee Han, Hwa-Jeong Ha, Joon Seog Kong, Jung-Soon Kim, Jae Kyung Myung, Jae Soo Koh, Sunhoo Park, Myung-Soon Shin, Woo-Tack Song, Hye Sil Seol, Seung-Sook Lee; J Pathol Transl Med. 2018;52(2):110-120. Published online January 29, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2018.01.17

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Background
It is difficult to correctly diagnose follicular neoplasms (FNs) on fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) because it shares many cytological features with other mimicking lesions. The aim of this study was to identify the cytological features that differentiate FNs from mimicking lesions.
Methods
We included the cytological slides from 116 cases of thyroid FN diagnosed on FNAC, and included their subsequent histological diagnoses. We evaluated the cytological architectural pattern and nuclear features of the lesions according to their histological groups.
Results
The final histological diagnoses of the 116 cases varied, and included 51 FNs (44%), 47 papillary thyroid carcinomas (40%) including follicular variant, and seventeen cellular nodular hyperplasias (15%). Regardless of the final histological diagnosis, microfollicular pattern was observed in most cases. On the other hand, trabecular pattern was identified in 34% of FNs, but not in any other lesions. Additionally, elongated nuclei and ground glass chromatin were found in only some papillary thyroid carcinomas.
Conclusions
This study shows that the trabecular pattern is a representative cytological feature of FNs that can be used to distinguish FNs from mimicking lesions. In addition, nuclear shape and chromatin pattern can be used to further confirm the diagnosis of FNs from mimicking lesions through FNAC.

Citations

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Diagnostic implication of thyroid spherules for cytological diagnosis of thyroid nodules
Heeseung Sohn, Kennichi Kakudo, Chan Kwon Jung
Cytopathology.2024; 35(3): 383. CrossRef
Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Enhanced Ultrasonographic Image Diagnosis of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Wai-Kin Chan, Jui-Hung Sun, Miaw-Jene Liou, Yan-Rong Li, Wei-Yu Chou, Feng-Hsuan Liu, Szu-Tah Chen, Syu-Jyun Peng
Biomedicines.2021; 9(12): 1771. CrossRef
The Role of Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy with Bethesda System in the Evaluation of Thyroid Nodules
Gizem AKKAŞ AKGÜN, Figen ASLAN
Anadolu Kliniği Tıp Bilimleri Dergisi.2021; 26(1): 23. CrossRef
Comprehensive DNA Methylation Profiling Identifies Novel Diagnostic Biomarkers for Thyroid Cancer
Jong-Lyul Park, Sora Jeon, Eun-Hye Seo, Dong Hyuck Bae, Young Mun Jeong, Yourha Kim, Ja Seong Bae, Seon-Kyu Kim, Chan Kwon Jung, Yong Sung Kim
Thyroid.2020; 30(2): 192. CrossRef
Preoperative diagnostic categories of fine needle aspiration cytology for histologically proven thyroid follicular adenoma and carcinoma, and Hurthle cell adenoma and carcinoma: Analysis of cause of under- or misdiagnoses
Hee Young Na, Jae Hoon Moon, June Young Choi, Hyeong Won Yu, Woo-Jin Jeong, Yeo Koon Kim, Ji-Young Choe, So Yeon Park, Paula Soares
PLOS ONE.2020; 15(11): e0241597. CrossRef

Importance of Individual Ghost Cells in Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology Diagnosis of Pilomatricoma: Kanghee Han, Hwa-Jeong Ha, Joon Seog Kong, Jae Kyung Myung, Sunhoo Park, Jung-Soon Kim, Myung-Soon Shin, Hye Sil Seol, Jae Soo Koh, Seung-Sook Lee; J Pathol Transl Med. 2018;52(1):45-50. Published online January 15, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2017.10.18

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Abstract PDF

Background
Although histological diagnosis of pilomatricoma is not difficult because of its unique histological features, cytological diagnosis through fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is often problematic due to misdiagnoses as malignancy.
Methods
We reviewed the cytological features of 14 cases of histologically-proven pilomatricoma from Korea Cancer Center Hospital, with a discussion on the diagnostic pitfalls of FNAC.
Results
Among 14 cases of pilomatricoma, 10 (71.4%) were correctly diagnosed through FNAC, and two (14.3%) were misdiagnosed as carcinoma. Cytologically, all cases had easily recognizable clusters of basaloid cells and foreign body-type multinucleated cells. Although ghost cells were also found in all cases, some were inconspicuous and hardly recognizable due to their small numbers.
Conclusions
An accurate diagnosis of pilomatricoma in FNAC is feasible with consideration of clinical information and close examination of ghost cells.

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A case of pilomatricoma with suspected malignancy diagnosed by intraoperative rapid cytological diagnosis
Miho YOSHIDA-TANAKA, Kazuya KURAOKA, Naoko YASUMURA, Arisa KAN, Yumi SAIKI, Akihiro KAGAWA, Akihisa SAITO, Kiyomi TANIYAMA
The Journal of the Japanese Society of Clinical Cytology.2019; 58(3): 133. CrossRef

The Significance of TROP2 Expression in Predicting BRAF Mutations in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Joon Seog Kong, Hyeon Jin Kim, Min-Jung Kim, Areumnuri Kim, Dalnim Lee, Kanghee Han, Sunhoo Park, Jae Soo Koh, Jae Kyung Myung; J Pathol Transl Med. 2018;52(1):14-20. Published online December 11, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2017.10.17

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Abstract PDF

Background
Trophoblast antigen 2 (TROP2) is a human trophoblast cell-surface glycoprotein that is overexpressed in several types of epithelial cancers, and is suggested to be associated with an unfavorable prognosis. BRAF mutations are the most common genetic alteration in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). We evaluated the correlation between TROP2 expression and BRAF mutation in PTC.
Methods
First, we carried out pyrosequencing for BRAF mutations and immunohistochemistry for TROP2 expression with a tissue microarray consisting of 52 PTC cases. Membranous staining in at least 5% of tumor cells was designated as positive staining and we analyzed the relationship between TROP2 expression and diverse clinicopathological factors, including BRAF mutation. Second, we tested TROP2 mRNA expression in three thyroid cancer cell lines with BRAF mutations (BCPAP, SNU790, and 8505C) and a normal thyroid cell line. Additionally, we checked TROP2 protein levels in a normal thyroid cell line after introduction of the BRAF V600E mutation.
Results
In this study, 21 of 26 cases with BRAF mutation showed TROP2 immunoreactivity, whereas all 26 cases without BRAF mutation showed no immunoreactivity for TROP2 with a statistically significant difference (p<.001). Upregulation of TROP2 mRNA was observed in all three thyroid cancer cell lines, but not in the normal thyroid cell line. Interestingly, however, the TROP2 expression was increased in the normal thyroid cell line after introduction of the BRAF V600E mutation.
Conclusions
Based on these results, we concluded that TROP2 expression is significantly associated with BRAF mutation and that TROP2 immunohistochemistry could be used for predicting BRAF mutations or diagnosing papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Citations

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Diagnostic and prognostic utility of TROP-2, SLP-2, and CXCL12 expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma
Amany Selim Attia, Samia Hussein, Hend Sameh, Amr Khalil, Ahmad Barakat Waley, Ihab Matar, Reham Sameh
Cancer Biomarkers.2024; 39(3): 211. CrossRef
TROP2 is a Good Indicator for Infiltrative Nature of Carcinoma Rather than Diagnosing Malignancy in Thyroid
E. Kılınc, P. Gunes, A. Doganer
Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery.2022; 74(S2): 2560. CrossRef
Advances in Trop2-targeted therapy: Novel agents and opportunities beyond breast cancer
Xinlin Liu, Junwen Deng, Yang Yuan, Wujun Chen, Wenshe Sun, Yanhong Wang, Haiming Huang, Bing Liang, Tao Ming, Jialian Wen, Binghuan Huang, Dongming Xing
Pharmacology & Therapeutics.2022; 239: 108296. CrossRef
Knockdown of Trop2 inhibits proliferation and migration and induces apoptosis of endometrial cancer cells via AKT/β‐catenin pathway
Xiaotong Sun, Guangyang Xing, Cui Zhang, Kun Lu, Yuqiong Wang, Xiyan He
Cell Biochemistry and Function.2020; 38(2): 141. CrossRef
Can TROP2 be used as a prognostic marker in endometrioid endometrial carcinoma?
SerkanY Çelik, Özgürİlhan Çelik
Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology.2020; 63(3): 418. CrossRef
Diagnostic Value of TROP-2 and CK19 Expression in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in Both Surgical and Cytological Specimens
Asmaa Gaber Abdou, Mohammed Shabaan, Rania Abdallha, Nehal Nabil
Clinical Pathology.2019; 12: 2632010X1986304. CrossRef
Evaluation of Diagnostic Utility of Immunohistochemistry Markers of TROP-2 and HBME-1 in the Diagnosis of Thyroid Carcinoma
Nooshin Zargari, Maral Mokhtari
European Thyroid Journal.2019; 8(1): 1. CrossRef
The diagnostic value of TROP-2, SLP-2 and CD56 expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma
Xueyang Yang, Yifang Hu, He Shi, Chengzhou Zhang, Zhixiao Wang, Xiaoyun Liu, Huanhuan Chen, Lijuan Zhang, Dai Cui
European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology.2018; 275(8): 2127. CrossRef
TROP2 promotes cell proliferation and migration in osteosarcoma through PI3K/AKT signaling
Qing‑Zhi Gu, Abulimiti Nijiati, Xing Gao, Kai‑Liang Tao, Cheng‑Duo Li, Xue‑Peng Fan, Zheng Tian
Molecular Medicine Reports.2018;[Epub] CrossRef

Brief Case Report

Intracranial Extracerebral Glioneuronal Heterotopia with Adipose Tissue and a Glioependymal Cyst: A Case Report and Review of the Literature: Hwa Jin Cho, Han Na Kim, Kyung Ju Kim, Kyu Sang Lee, Jae Kyung Myung, Seung-Ki Kim, Sung-Hye Park; Korean J Pathol. 2014;48(3):254-257. Published online June 26, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2014.48.3.254

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Giant supra and retrosellar glioependymal cyst presenting with only precocious puberty. Clinical study and review of the literature
Hassan Kadri, Mazen Dughly, Mohamad Shehadeh Agha, Ghiath Hamed, Raed Abouharb, Rostom Mackieh
International Journal of Surgery Case Reports.2024; 116: 109360. CrossRef
Combined neuroendoscopic cyst wall fenestration and cyst-peritoneal shunt in an infant with glioependymal cyst
Kohei Irie, Takafumi Shimogawa, Nobutaka Mukae, Daisuke Kuga, Toru Iwaki, Masahiro Mizoguchi, Koji Yoshimoto
Surgical Neurology International.2022; 13: 102. CrossRef
Cerebellar Glioependymal Cyst
El Kim
Brain Tumor Research and Treatment.2021; 9(1): 31. CrossRef
Intracranial glioependymal (neuroglial) cysts: a systematic review
Luis A. Robles, Jesus M. Paez, Dafne Ayala, Bernardo Boleaga-Duran
Acta Neurochirurgica.2018; 160(7): 1439. CrossRef

Case Report

The Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome in Fetal Autopsy: A Case Report.: Sun Ju Byeon, Jae Kyung Myung, Sung Hye Park; Korean J Pathol. 2011;45:S15-S19.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2011.45.S1.S15

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Abstract PDF

Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a malformation associated with a hemizygous deletion of the distal short arm of chromosome 4. Herein we report a fetal autopsy case of WHS. A male fetus was therapeutically aborted at 17(+0) weeks gestational age, due to complex anomaly and intrauterine growth retardation, which were found in prenatal ultrasonography. His birth weight was 65 g. Mild craniofacial dysmorphism, club feet, bilateral renal hypoplasia, edematous neck, and left diaphragmatic hernia of Bochdalek were found on gross examination. On GTG-banding, the fetus revealed 46,XY,add(4p) karyotype and the mother revealed 46,XX,t(4;18)(p16;q21.1), with normal karyotype of the father. Array comparative genomic hybridization performed on the autopsied lung tissue revealed loss of 4p16.2-->4pter and gain of 18q21.1-->18qter, suggesting 46,XY,der(4)t(4;18)(p16.2;q21.1)mat of fetal karyotype. This suggested deletion of 4p, compatible with WHS inherited from the mal-segregation of a maternal translocation t(4;18)(p16.2;21.1). Therefore, our fetus was both genotypically and phenotypically compatible with WHS.

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A Case of Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome with Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia Presenting with Status Epilepticus
Bong Sul Suh, Keun Hyeok Ko, Kon Hee Lee, Tae-Jung Sung
Neonatal Medicine.2015; 22(4): 233. CrossRef
Rhabdoid glioblastoma is distinguishable from classical glioblastoma by cytogenetics and molecular genetics
Sun-Ju Byeon, Hwa Jin Cho, Hae Woon Baek, Chul-Kee Park, Seung-Hong Choi, Se-Hoon Kim, Hee Kyung Kim, Sung-Hye Park
Human Pathology.2014; 45(3): 611. CrossRef

Original Article

The Prognostic Implications of Cystic Change in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.: Heae Surng Park, Eun Jung Jung, Jae Kyung Myung, Kyung Chul Moon; Korean J Pathol. 2010;44(2):149-154.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2010.44.2.149

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Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
Cystic renal cell carcinoma has been reported to have a good prognosis. However, previous studies included cases of multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma, which has an excellent prognosis, and renal cell carcinoma with cystic necrosis, which has an adverse prognosis. Therefore, we analyzed the prognostic influence of cystic change in clear cell renal cell carcinoma after excluding those morphological features.
METHODS
We identified 225 patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma who underwent nephrectomy between 2001 and 2003. The clinicopathologic features were compared with clinical outcomes.
RESULTS
Cystic change in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (n = 66) was significantly associated with younger patient age (< 55), smaller tumor size (< or = 4 cm), lower pT stage (pT1, T2), M0 stage at initial diagnosis, lower tumor, node, and metastasis stage (I, II), and lower nuclear grade (1, 2). Patients with cystic change in clear cell renal cell carcinoma had significantly longer cancer-specific (p = 0.015) and progression-free survival (p = 0.004) than those without cystic change, by univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis revealed that cystic change significantly decreased the risk of cancer progression (risk ratio, 0.27; 95% confidence interval, 0.11 to 0.69).
CONCLUSIONS
In patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma, cystic change is a good independent predictor for survival.

Citations

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Update on MRI of Cystic Renal Masses Including Bosniak Version 2019
Satheesh Krishna, Nicola Schieda, Ivan Pedrosa, Nicole Hindman, Ronaldo H. Baroni, Stuart G. Silverman, Matthew S. Davenport
Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging.2021; 54(2): 341. CrossRef
Klotho plays a critical role in clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression and clinical outcome
Ji-Hee Kim, Kyu-Hee Hwang, Sayamaa Lkhagvadorj, Jae Hung Jung, Hyun Chul Chung, Kyu-Sang Park, In Deok Kong, Minseob Eom, Seung-Kuy Cha
The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology.2016; 20(3): 297. CrossRef
Insulin Receptor Expression in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma and Its Relation to Prognosis
Sayamaa Lkhagvadorj, Sung Soo Oh, Mi-Ra Lee, Jae Hung Jung, Hyun Chul Chung, Seung-Kuy Cha, Minseob Eom
Yonsei Medical Journal.2014; 55(4): 861. CrossRef
Determination of the Cutoff Value of the Proportion of Cystic Change for Prognostic Stratification of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Heae Surng Park, Kyoungbun Lee, Kyung Chul Moon
Journal of Urology.2011; 186(2): 423. CrossRef

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